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 |  At 16, Raymond Lau wrote Stuffit, which soon became the prevailing software for compressing files on Macintosh computers so they take up less space. But Lau really heard his calling when he realized"the mathematical modeisfor data compression are pretty similar to those for language processing."He joined MIT's Spoken Language Systems Group in 1994 and was central to its Galaxy project, producing software to
recognize speech and interpret language,then deliver database information. He followed with Galaxy II—software that lets U.S. marines access information hands-free. Lau then used Galaxy II as the backbone of the MIT lab's most ambitious project: Mercury. The system allows anyone to call the lab, speak to a computer and
book fiights on 23 airlines,as if talking to a travel agent.ln 1999 Lau became chief technology officer of startup iPhrase Technologies in Cambridge, MA, to apply his expertise to written words. Iphrase programs have advanced search capabilities for Web sites such as Yahoo! Finance and Schwab.
| | KALANICK | | TRAVIS | | AGE 25 | | INTERNET AND WEB | | RED SWOOSH |
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| | |  The Internet is a great set of parts. Reiner Kraft wants to make them a more valuable whole. One way is to exploit the many computers linked to the Internet to solve massive computing tasks that no single computer could handle well. Kraft coinvenled a program that parcels out such tasks over the Internet to thousands Of PCs;each solves its morsel,and the program integrates the solutions. In 1998, IBM applied
| | KRAFT | | REINER | | AGE 33 | | INTERNET AND WEB | | IBM |
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| | |  When he left the University of Michigan, Paul Krajewski was an expert in "creep' behavior related to all things aluminum. In the jargon of metallurgy,creep is heat-and stress-related deformation,and it's part of the reason alumi-num is tricky to use for making cars.Aluminum is about 67 percent lighter than steel, but it is far more susceptible to cracking when de-formed.Today Krajewski is a leading materials
| | KRAJEWSKI | | PAUL | | AGE 33 | | TRANSPORTATION | | GENERAL MOTORS |
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| | |  Matt Keyser revels in pedaling his bike amidst a pack of racers pounding down a precipitous mountain road. During sane moments, Keyser designs transportation technology at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, CO. He's received two patents since 1992, with three more in the works. In 2001 ,Keyser and coworkers significantly extended the life span of lead-acid batteries in cars. Batteries provide a power surge to a vehicle's starter, then recharge. Normally, the process encourages sulfuric acid to oxidize, which ruins the negative battery plate. But Keyser changed how the battery charges, reducing chemical reactions and extending battery life up to 400 percent."That means fewer batteries in the landfill”he says. Ford Motor is testing the battery in a prototype electric vehicle. In 1997, Keyser wrapped astandard catalytic converter with a vacuum insulator to keep it hot for hours.The retrofit eliminated 80 percent of the tailpipe emissions that a car produces while warming up-The unit is being commercially developed by auto parts supplier Benteler. Keyser particularly likes its adaptability:"You can put it on a new car.or a 78 Pontiac."
| | KEYSER | | MATT | | AGE 32 | | ENERGY | | NATION RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY |
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| | |  Lydia Kavraki made her first move between worlds when she left Greece to do a PhD in computer science at Stanford University. Drawn to the human potential of robotics,
| | KAVRAKI | | LYDIA | | AGE 34 | | SOFTWARE | | RICE UNIVERSITY |
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| | |  In Kara Kockelman's transportation models, there is no place to hide.The civil engineering professor crunches data on where people shop, work and go to school, what kinds of vehicles they buy, real-estate development trends and demographics to help devise optimal transportation policies. Her results are sometimes provocative: for example, from traffic data,she calculated that a large SUV stows traffic by spending as much time lum-bering through an intersection as 1.41 pas-senger cars. Kockelman says,"We can't build our way out of congestion," and argues that road users should therefore shoulder the costs they impose on others. Her studies sup-port, for example, the selective enactment of something called "credit-based congestion pricing':drivers would be allotted a certain numberof commuting trips, which they could use or trade, the way power plants trade emissions credits.
| | KOCKELMAN | | KARA | | AGE 32 | | TRANSPORTATION | | UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT SUSTIN |
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| | |  Viruses learned how to better infect people over millions of years of evolution;chemical engineer and MBAJ.Joseph Kim is using their knowledqe to fiqht other diseases. Kim figures to use the viruses' strategies as the basis for new drugs for cancer and inflammatory illnesses. In 2000, after several years at Merck, Kim founded Viral Genomix in Philadelphia,for which he has raised $1 miltion. "Since I was in high school I wanted to start my own biotech company”'he says. His cornpany may soon have its first drug; Kim has tinkered with a protein called vpr, which helps the HIV virus replicate, and has coaxed it to trigger cell death in more than 50 different cancer cell lines. So far, the protein has worked in laboratory cultures and in
| | KIM | | J.JOSEPH | | AGE 32 | | MEDICINE | | VIRAL GENOMIX |
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Source From: TECHNOLOGY REVIEW
June 2002
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產業智庫 
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